ASSESSMENT OF THE DIGITALIZATION LEVEL OF EDUCATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Keywords:
Digitalization of Education; Education Digital Transformation; Kazakhstan Education System; Econometric Analysis; ICT Investment in Education; Human Capital Development; Economic Growth and Education; Educational Technologies (EdTech); Artificial Intelligence in Education; Blockchain in Education.Abstract
As nations increasingly adopt digital-first economic models, the extent of digitalisation within educational systems has emerged as a key factor influencing national competitiveness and the development of human capital. This research evaluates the digitalisation of Kazakhstan’s education system over the period 2018–2024. A factor-point method was employed across 16 indicators, organised into three categories: financial, quantitative, and monetary. Annual indexes were calculated using normalization procedures combined with the geometric mean. The dataset, obtained from the Bureau of National Statistics of Kazakhstan, encompasses all education levels, from preschool through tertiary education. Findings indicate that the overall education sector achieved an "acceptable" digitalisation score of 0.591, with higher education serving as the principal driver of digital transformation. Econometric analysis further suggests that a 1% rise in ICT expenditure is associated with a 2.15% increase in GDP.